Signs to watch. Cloudy or hazy vision, glare at night, frequent glasses changes, dull colours.

What it treats. A clouded natural lens that blurs vision and scatters light.

What to expect. A 15–20 minute day-care procedure under eye drops; the cloudy lens is replaced with a clear intraocular lens (monofocal, toric or multifocal).

Recovery. Vision improves within a few days; drops for a few weeks and most people resume routine quickly.

Signs to watch. Tired of glasses or contacts, stable spectacle power, active lifestyle.

What it treats. Dependence on glasses or contacts for myopia, hyperopia or astigmatism.

What to expect. A suitability check, then a quick bladeless laser reshapes the cornea — usually both eyes in one sitting. ICL is offered for high powers.

Recovery. Functional vision often by the next day; mild dryness early on settles with drops.

Signs to watch. Often none early; sometimes side-vision loss, halos, eye ache, family history.

What it treats. Raised eye pressure that can quietly damage the optic nerve.

What to expect. Pressure checks, visual fields and OCT of the nerve, then drops, laser (SLT) or surgery as needed.

Recovery. Depends on the treatment; the key is regular, lifelong monitoring to protect vision.

Signs to watch. Blurred or fluctuating vision, floaters, dark spots — or no symptoms at all.

What it treats. Diabetic damage to the retina and swelling of the macula.

What to expect. A dilated exam and OCT, followed by laser or intravitreal injections when indicated.

Recovery. Short recovery; a yearly retina check is essential for everyone with diabetes.

Signs to watch. Eye drifting in or out, double vision, head tilt, or a child's eyes not aligned.

What it treats. Misalignment of the eyes in children or adults.

What to expect. Assessment of alignment and vision, then glasses, exercises or day-care squint surgery.

Recovery. Most return to routine within days; alignment and confidence improve.

Signs to watch. Watering eye, droopy lid, lumps or styes, puffiness, blocked tear duct.

What it treats. Eyelid, tear-drainage and around-the-eye problems.

What to expect. Endonasal DCR for blocked tear ducts (no external scar), ptosis and lid surgery, and aesthetic options.

Recovery. Day-care in most cases; swelling settles over a couple of weeks.

Signs to watch. Sitting close to the screen, squinting, rubbing eyes, rapidly rising power.

What it treats. Refractive errors and fast-progressing short-sightedness in children.

What to expect. Cycloplegic refraction and a myopia-control plan (lifestyle, special lenses or atropine where appropriate).

Recovery. Ongoing, gentle follow-up to slow progression.

Signs to watch. Months of blocked nose, facial pressure, reduced smell, recurrent infections.

What it treats. Long-standing sinusitis or polyps that don't settle with medicines.

What to expect. A day-care, endoscopic clearance of blocked sinus drainage pathways — no external cut.

Recovery. Back to routine within days; saline rinses help healing.

Signs to watch. Persistent one-sided or both-sided nasal blockage, snoring, mouth-breathing.

What it treats. A deviated nasal septum causing ongoing blockage.

What to expect. Straightening of the partition between the nostrils, usually with no visible scar.

Recovery. Breathing improves steadily as the swelling settles.

Signs to watch. Recurrent ear discharge, a hole in the drum, gradual hearing loss.

What it treats. A perforated ear drum or chronic middle-ear infection.

What to expect. Microsurgical repair of the drum or middle ear.

Recovery. Keep the ear dry as advised; hearing improves gradually.

Signs to watch. Spinning, light-headedness, imbalance, ear fullness.

What it treats. Dizziness arising from the inner ear or balance system.

What to expect. Targeted balance tests, then repositioning maneuvers and tailored therapy.

Recovery. Many people improve with maneuvers and a short exercise programme.

Signs to watch. Frequent throat infections, snoring, restless sleep, blocked nose in children.

What it treats. Enlarged or repeatedly infected tonsils or adenoids, and sleep-disordered breathing.

What to expect. Assessment of breathing and sleep, then medical care or day-care surgery when needed.

Recovery. Most children recover within a week with soft diet and rest.

Signs to watch. Sneezing, itchy or blocked nose, post-nasal drip, throat clearing, hoarse voice.

What it treats. Allergic rhinitis and common nose, throat and voice complaints.

What to expect. Examination with endoscopy where needed, allergy advice and a tailored medical plan.

Recovery. Symptom relief with the right plan and trigger control.